(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL pdo >= 0.1.0)
PDOStatement::fetch — 从结果集中获取下一行
$fetch_style
= ?
, int $cursor_orientation
= PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT
, int $cursor_offset
= 0
) : mixed
从一个 PDOStatement 对象相关的结果集中获取下一行。fetch_style
参数决定 POD 如何返回行。
fetch_style
控制下一行如何返回给调用者。此值必须是 PDO::FETCH_*
系列常量中的一个,缺省为 PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE
的值 (默认为 PDO::FETCH_BOTH
)。
PDO::FETCH_ASSOC
:返回一个索引为结果集列名的数组
PDO::FETCH_BOTH
(默认):返回一个索引为结果集列名和以0开始的列号的数组
PDO::FETCH_BOUND
:返回 true
,并分配结果集中的列值给 PDOStatement::bindColumn() 方法绑定的 PHP 变量。
PDO::FETCH_CLASS
:返回一个请求类的新实例,映射结果集中的列名到类中对应的属性名。如果 fetch_style
包含 PDO::FETCH_CLASSTYPE(例如:PDO::FETCH_CLASS |
PDO::FETCH_CLASSTYPE
),则类名由第一列的值决定
PDO::FETCH_INTO
:更新一个被请求类已存在的实例,映射结果集中的列到类中命名的属性
PDO::FETCH_LAZY
:结合使用 PDO::FETCH_BOTH
和 PDO::FETCH_OBJ
,创建供用来访问的对象变量名
PDO::FETCH_NUM
:返回一个索引为以0开始的结果集列号的数组
PDO::FETCH_OBJ
:返回一个属性名对应结果集列名的匿名对象
cursor_orientation
对于 一个 PDOStatement 对象表示的可滚动游标,该值决定了哪一行将被返回给调用者。此值必须是 PDO::FETCH_ORI_*
系列常量中的一个,默认为 PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT
。要想让 PDOStatement 对象使用可滚动游标,必须在用 PDO::prepare() 预处理SQL语句时,设置 PDO::ATTR_CURSOR
属性为 PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL
。
offset
对于一个 cursor_orientation
参数设置为 PDO::FETCH_ORI_ABS
的PDOStatement 对象代表的可滚动游标,此值指定结果集中想要获取行的绝对行号。
对于一个 cursor_orientation
参数设置为 PDO::FETCH_ORI_REL
的PDOStatement 对象代表的可滚动游标,此值指定想要获取行相对于调用 PDOStatement::fetch() 前游标的位置
此函数(方法)成功时返回的值依赖于提取类型。在所有情况下,失败都返回 false
。
示例 #1 使用不同的提取方式获取行
<?php
$sth = $dbh->prepare("SELECT name, colour FROM fruit");
$sth->execute();
/* 运用 PDOStatement::fetch 风格 */
print("PDO::FETCH_ASSOC: ");
print("Return next row as an array indexed by column name\n");
$result = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
print_r($result);
print("\n");
print("PDO::FETCH_BOTH: ");
print("Return next row as an array indexed by both column name and number\n");
$result = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
print_r($result);
print("\n");
print("PDO::FETCH_LAZY: ");
print("Return next row as an anonymous object with column names as properties\n");
$result = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_LAZY);
print_r($result);
print("\n");
print("PDO::FETCH_OBJ: ");
print("Return next row as an anonymous object with column names as properties\n");
$result = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
print $result->NAME;
print("\n");
?>
以上例程会输出:
PDO::FETCH_ASSOC: Return next row as an array indexed by column name Array ( [NAME] => apple [COLOUR] => red ) PDO::FETCH_BOTH: Return next row as an array indexed by both column name and number Array ( [NAME] => banana [0] => banana [COLOUR] => yellow [1] => yellow ) PDO::FETCH_LAZY: Return next row as an anonymous object with column names as properties PDORow Object ( [NAME] => orange [COLOUR] => orange ) PDO::FETCH_OBJ: Return next row as an anonymous object with column names as properties kiwi
示例 #2 使用一个可滚动游标获取行
<?php
function readDataForwards($dbh) {
$sql = 'SELECT hand, won, bet FROM mynumbers ORDER BY BET';
try {
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql, array(PDO::ATTR_CURSOR => PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL));
$stmt->execute();
while ($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM, PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT)) {
$data = $row[0] . "\t" . $row[1] . "\t" . $row[2] . "\n";
print $data;
}
$stmt = null;
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
print $e->getMessage();
}
}
function readDataBackwards($dbh) {
$sql = 'SELECT hand, won, bet FROM mynumbers ORDER BY bet';
try {
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql, array(PDO::ATTR_CURSOR => PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL));
$stmt->execute();
$row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM, PDO::FETCH_ORI_LAST);
do {
$data = $row[0] . "\t" . $row[1] . "\t" . $row[2] . "\n";
print $data;
} while ($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM, PDO::FETCH_ORI_PRIOR));
$stmt = null;
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
print $e->getMessage();
}
}
print "Reading forwards:\n";
readDataForwards($conn);
print "Reading backwards:\n";
readDataBackwards($conn);
?>
以上例程会输出:
Reading forwards: 21 10 5 16 0 5 19 20 10 Reading backwards: 19 20 10 16 0 5 21 10 5